Arnold iiarselt



A. LARSEN.

REPEATING FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED JAN- 30. 1917.

1,325,253. Patent ed Dec. 16,1919.

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REPEATING FIREARM. APPLICATION -FILED J N. 30 1911.

1,325,253. Patented Dec. 16,1919.

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ARNOLD LARSEN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO KENNETH E. HARVEY, OF

CLEVELAND, OHIO.

REPEATING FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 16, 1919.

Application filed January 30, 1917. Serial No. 145,387.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARNOLD LARSEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Repeating Firearms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention-relates to firearms of a type adapted to use ammunition in the form of loaded cartridges. The essential ob ect of the invention is to so arrange the firearm that it may carry a number of loaded cartridges in a magazine, which cartridges may be brought to the firing position in the barrel and ejected, when fired, with great rapidity and without destroylng the aim of the user. My invention is partlcularly well adapted for use with firearms of a type adapted to be held by the hands and havlng a stock engaged by the shoulder, and one of the objects of the inventlon is to provide means for causing the ejection, reloading and cocking of the gun without moving the position of the hands on the gun. I accomplish this by providing a movable plate on the stock connected with the e1ect1ng, reloading and cocking mechanism and adapted to cause the operation described when the gun is moved toward the shoulder, causing a' relative movement of the shoulder piece or butt plate. When so arranged the firing may be very rapid, as it is only necessary to draw inwardly or hug the gun to cause such movement, whereupon the trigger is pulled to fire the gun and the drawing or hugging movement is repeated. A feature of this arrangement is that the strength of both hands and arms may be used to reload, and there is no relative movement between the hands and but a very slight relative movement of the gun and'the users shoulder (which movement is parallel with the'lineof sight). It is not tiresome to use the gun,

and it is comparatively easy to aim con-' tinuously'at an object while firing several shots. 7

Other objects of my invention are to so arrange the parts that they may be safe, durable and comparatively cheap to manufacture, and require a minimum amount of special construction.

My invention is hereinafter more fully described in connection with the accompanymg drawings which illustrate an embodiment thereof in the form of a rifle, although it is to be understood that it is equally well adapted for use with pistols or any hand guns. In the latter case the compressible member may be made a portion of the grip actuated by the squeezing of the hand.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rifle embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is. a side elevationof the gun lock portion on an enlarged scale with the side plate removed and showing the operative mechanism; Fig. 3 is a similar View, showmg the mechanism in another position; Fig. l 1s a transverse section taken substantially on a plane parallel with the aXis of the-barrel; Fig. 5 is a cross section at right angles to Fig. & taken substantially on the line 55 of Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a similar section taken substantially on the line 6-76.01 Fig. 3; Fig. 7 is a detail of the cartridge carrier which transfers the cartridge from the magazine to the firing chamber; Fig. Sisan enlarged sectional vlew showing the connection between the operating mechanism and the movable butt plate; Fig. 9 is a sectional respectively of the grip portion 14: of the stock 15. At 16 is indicated a suitable sight secured to the arm "11, the front sight and forward portion of the barrel being omitted to permit the illustration on a suitable scale.

The chamber is closed by a slidable breech block or bolt 18, shown as engaging the side walls 8 and 10 and supported by guide ribs 19, an additional rib 20 being secured to the.

wall 7 engaging a groove in the top of the bolt securely retaining the same against dis placement. j

V The breech bolt is moved longitudinally from the position shown in Fig.2 to'tliat' shown in Fig. 3 to receive the loaded cartridge which is then thrust into the chamber by the forward movement of the bolt. Heretofore this movement has been accomplished by slidable grips movable along the barrel or by actuatin levers, lying beneath the stock and movable downwardly. hen using either of these forms of repeating mechanism the relative positions of the hands must be changed, and the effort of accomplishing this with one hand becomes tiring. ldor important still, is the diliiculty of maintaining an aim while moving the hands wlth relation to each other on the gun.

With my invention I accomplish the reloading and actuating of the breech by providing a movable member on the stock for engaging the shoulder and adapted to actuate the gun lock mechanism by drawing the gun toward the shoulder without the slightest change of position of either of the hands on the gun. As the movement required is comparatively slight, the operation amounts practically to hugging the gun or shrugging the shoulder against the butt to accomplish the ejection, reloading and cocking. In the form shown, the movable member comprises a butt plate 22 secured to a rod 2 L longitudinally slidable in the stock and urged rearwardly toward the shoulder by a spring 25 adapted to seat within a cavity 26 preferably lined with a suitable bushing. This rod is shownas slidable through a sleeve 27 extending substantially the full length thereof. At the forward end the rod is pivoted to a link 30 which is comiected with and actuates the gun lock mechanism, as will be hereinafter described.

The butt plate 22 is preferably inclosed by a cap 27 secured thereto and extending over the stock so that it may embrace the rear edge of the stock throughout its movement. This cap serves the purpose of preventing clothing or any intervening object becoming interposed between the butt plate and the stock and thereby interfering with the rapid operation of the firearm.

Extending transversely of the housing 5 is a stud 31 on which is rotatably mounted a. reciprocating toothed segment 32 to which the forward end of the link 30 is pivoted by a pin indicated at 33. At one side of the breech bolt I provide a series of pegs 34 adapted to be engaged by the teeth of the segment 32, whereby the bolt is moved forwardly and rearwardly when the segment is oscillated by the link.

A hammer 35 is shown as pivoted in the upper rear portion of the housing and is provided with a shoulder 37 adapted to engage a transverse shoulder 38 on the breech bolt when in the position shown in Fig. 2, whereby the force of the recoil is transmitted directly and in a straight line housing.

through the breech bolt and hammer to the The pivot of the hammer does not receive the full strain of the discharge, as the cylindrical shoulder of the hammer around the pivot fits a complementary shoulder in the housing. Below the shoulder 38 is. a forwardly slanting shoulder against which the face 39 of the hammer fits. This face of the hammer engages the rear end of the firing pin 10, shown as slanted upwardly and having a pointed end 41 adapted to engage the cartridge at the rim at its upper side, although this pin may be arranged to strike any part of the rear face of the cartridge. Normally the pin stands with its rear end extending slightly outwardly from the breech bolt so that as the hammer is thrown upwardly this pin is driven forwardly to cause the discharge.

At the free end of the hammer is an undercut shoulder 12 adapted to be engaged by a shoulder 43 of the trigger 14:, which is shown as pivoted at 47 to the housing and which is urged into such engagement by a leafspring secured to the housing by a bolt 46, and having its rear end engaging a notch in the trigger.

A spring 50 actuates the hammer and is preferably arranged over a telescoping link comprising two parts 51 and 52 (Fig. 9), the parts being pivoted respectively to cars 53 and 5 1 secured to the hammer and to the housing. It will be noted that this spring, when compressed as indicated in Fig. 3, exerts its force in a line of direction close to the pivot, and that as the hammer moves to firing position this line of direction extends away from the pivot, whereby, at the start of the movement, we have a short leverage providing a quick movement and resulting in a minimum. amount of pressure being used against the trigger, while a much greater pressure is used at the firing position. The advantageous results of this are that the trigger is easily pulled and that the hammer is quickly and strongly thrown. I

On the pivot pin 31 directly beneath the bolt 18 T have provided an oscillating carriage comprising a narrow arm 55 extending forwardly from the hub 56 and having upwardly turned ears 57 for positioning a cartridge indicated at C. The arm is provided with separated shoulders 58 and 59 adjacent the hub and adapted to be engaged by a pin. 60 carried by the oscillating member 32. The magazine preferably comprises a cylindrical barrel which is extended into the housing and cut away to admit the end of the carriage while guiding the cartridge out of the same, and this magazine is provided with mechanism, not shown, such as along spiral spring, for urging the cartridges toward the housing, as is the usual construction. An arcuate downwardlyprotridge'in the series also extends rearwardly' far enough to engage the tongue 61 as the last cartridge in the magazine is moved upwardly to the firing chamber and accomplishes the same result. Thus, the carrier 55 after its upward movement is always held in its uppermost position by the next cartridge or by the cartridge pusher until the pin 60 is swung around, during the forward movement of the breech block, to engage the shoulder 59 and swing the carrier downwardly.

As the breech block moves rearwardly the empty cartridge or shell is ejected through an opening 7 0 in the cover plate 10. To accomplish this I provide a guide rib 7 3 projecting inwardly from the wall 8 and secured thereto by an upwardly extending ear 74 while the rib slidably engages a slot in the bolt. On this rib is formed a shoulder 75 in the path of the flange on the cartridge, and a spring having a nose 76 engaging the opposite side of the flange is secured to the breech bolt, as indicated at 77, so that as the boltis moving rearwardly, the spring drawing on one side of the cartridge, while the shoulder stops the other, flips it laterally through the opening after the manner of ejecting devices now used. This shoulder normally throws out the empty cartridge. The distance between the shoulder 7 5 and the inner end of the barrel is such that the empty cartridge clears the firin chamber just as it engages the shoulder 5. When an unexploded shell is being withdrawn, the bullet still extends into the firing chamber when the cartridge engages the shoulder 75, and the spring 76, instead of releasing its hold on the cartridge, yields laterally and pulls the cartridge rearwardly, the rounded rear end of the cartridge sliding over the small shoulder 75. The shoulder 78 is so positioned that when the rear end of the cartridge engages it the bullet is freed from the chamber, as illustrated invdot and dash lines at the end of the cartridge 0 in Fig. 4:.

The operation of the mechanism thus far described is as follows: The gun is grasped in the usual manner with one hand on the fore-piece 3 and the other at the grip portion 14 with a finger on the trigger while the butt plate is brought to the shoulder. By

drawing both hands slightly toward the shoulder, the butt plate and cap are moved forwardly over the stock to the position in dicated in Fig. 8, whichtransmits this movement through the link .30 to the oscillating member 32. The first part of the movement of the oscillating member causes a large tooth 80 to engage a roller 81 mounted on the stud on the hammer and start the downward movement of the hammer out of the path of the bolt 18. A moment later a finger 83 and another finger 84 engage the corresponding pegs 34 on the bolt and cause it to move rearwardly, drawing with it the empty shell by reason of the hook spring 76, until the cartridge engages the shoulder 7 5 and is thrown laterally through the ejecting opening, as described. Just as the empty shell is ejected the pin 60 engages the shoulder 59 of the carriage 55 and causes it to move upwardly with the cartridge which has been resting on top thereof and abutting a stop 85, preferably formed integral and extending transversely between the .ribs 19 and slotted to permit the upward movement of the carriage 55, as indicated in Fig. 6. As the breech bolt completes its rearward movement, a tooth 87 engaging the foremost peg of the bolt, the carriage 55 comes to a position opposite the chamber 1. The releasing of the manual pull on the gun permits the spring 25 to act, pushing the butt plate and cap rearwardly, moving the rod 24 and link 30 to swing the toothed segment forwardly and shoot the breech block into closed position, thrusting the cartridge into the chamber and causing the extracting spring 76 to pass into a notch 86 and engage the flange thereof.

The downward movement of the tooth 80 causes the shoulder 42 of the hammer to be engaged by the trigger, which remains in the position shown in Fig. '3 until the trigger is pulled. The pin 60 on its return movement again engages the shoulder 58, moving the arcuate stop out of the path of the next cartridge in the magazine which is then urged into the housing over the top of the carriage and against the stop 85. To insure this upward movement at the rear end of the cartridge I may provide a cam 88 (Fig. 7) preferably mounted on the side wall. The gun is now in condition to be fired by pulling the trigger after which the operation described may be repeated by merely drawing on, or hugging, the gun.

The locking shoulders on the hammer and on the breech block are so arranged as to overlap before the firing pin is engaged so that the firing may not occur before locking of the breech block.

In firearms, where the caliber is in such proportion to the weight that the recoil is appreciable, this recoil may be used to cause the ejection of the empty shell by moving (Fig. 4)

the entire gun rearwardly and relatively moving the butt plate forwardly, whereupon the spring 25, causing the quick return to the normal position, would reload the gun, and the operation may be exceedingly rapid, requiring no manual efiort tor ejection and reloading except to resist the recoil, which is obviously necessary in using any firearm.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The combination with a gun barrel, a magazine for. cartridges, means for transferring the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel chamber at the breech including a reciprocating carriage, a breech block movable toward and away from the barrel chamber, a hammer, a firing pin, a movable shoulder piece on the stock of the gun, a reciprocating pivoted member for actuating the carriage and breech block and adapted to engage and cock the hammer, and a connection between said shoulder piece and the reciprocating member whereby drawing the gun to the shoulder causes it to be cocked, a shell ejected and the gun reloaded.

:2. The combination with a gun barrel, a magazine for cartridges, means for trans ferring the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel chamber at the breech including a reciprocating carriage, a slidable breech block movable longitudinally of the gun, a toothed segment for moving said breech block, a hammer, a firing pin carried by the breech block, said toothed segment being adapted to cock the hammer, a movable shoulder piece on the stock of the gun, and a link connection between said shoulder piece and the reciprocating member whereby by drawing the gun to the shoulder it is cooked, a shell ejected and the gun reloaded.

3. In a repeating firearm, the combination with a barrel, stock, gun lock casing and magazine, of mechanism in the casing for transferring cartridges from the magazine to the chamber including a slidable breech block, means for reciprocating the same to and from its locked position, a firing pin carried by the breech block, and a hammer for actuating the pin pivoted to said casing and adapted when brought to its firing magazine, of mechanism in the casing for transterrlng cartridges from the magazine to the chamber including a slidable breech block, means for reciprocating the same to and from its locked position, a firing pin carried by the breech block, and a hammer for actuating the pin pivoted to said casing and adapted when brought to its firing position to lock the breech block against displacement from the recoil, cooperating transverse shoulders on the hammer and breech block, said last mentioned members being positioned to stand in alinement with the barrel when in firing position.

5. The combination with a barrel, a magazine tor cartridges, a gun lock housing and stock, of a shit-table breech bolt, a carriage for moving cartridges upwardly from the magazine into position to enter the chamher, a hammer, a toothed segment, pegs on the breech belt engaged by said teeth, and

means for actuating said segment whereby the segment may shift the breech bolt, a connection, between the segment and said carriage, said segment being adapted to engage and cook the hammer.

6. In a repeating firearm, the combination with a gun barrel, a gun lock casing and a stock, of a magazine extending along the barrel and discharging cartridges into the casing, a slidable breech block, ejecting mechanism operated thereby, a reciprocating member having a toothed engagement with the breech block and having a member engaging the carriage with a lost motion movement to cause its shifting to and from the holding position at the proper time, a pivoted hammer, a firing pin extending through the breech block, a cam shoulder on the hammer for actuating said pin, a link extending rearwardly from said reciprocating member, a plunger extending through the stock, and a movable shoulder piece for actuating said plunger, said link and plunger being pivoted together.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto atfix my signature.

ARNOLD LARSEN. 

